Single Displacement or Substitution Reaction

A single displacement reaction or substitution reaction is a common and important type of chemical reaction. A substitution or single displacement reaction is characterized by one element being displaced from a compound by another element.A BC → AC B A single displacement reaction is a specific type of oxidation-reduction reaction. An element or ion is replaced by another in a compound. Single Displacement Reaction Examples An example of a substitution reaction occurs when zinc combines with hydrochloric acid. The zinc replaces the hydrogen:Zn 2 HCl → ZnCl2 H2 Here is another example of a single displacement reaction: 3 AgNO3 (aq) Al (s) → Al(NO3)3 (aq) 3 Ag (s) How To Recognize a Substitution Reaction You can recognize this type of reaction by looking for a trade between one cation or anion in a compound with a pure substance in the reactants side of the equation, forming a new compound in the products side of the reaction. If, however, two compounds appear to trade partners, then youre looking at a double displacement reaction rather than a single displacement.

Rousseau, Hobbes, and Locke Interpretations of Human...

Through time people have always wondered what it is that makes us who we are. It has been our human nature that has kept us intrigued with ourselves, and our relationships with others. With this curiosity came various interpretations as to our human nature, each changing the way we see the societal world we live in. With each interpretation came a new understanding of people and the relationship they hold with each other. Human nature has been one of the most studied elements of the world we live in. From our nature came the interest of how we as humans interact with each other, through the development of our nature some have served and others had ruled. Three philosophers that have focused their political ideas around human nature†¦show more content†¦If mankind is so self centered it would be hard to create a stable society. Hobbes says, â€Å"So that in the nature of man, we find three principal causes of quarrel. First, competition; secondly, diffidence; thirdly , glory† (293). Through this one can see that people do actually act according to their own benefit. If each person seeks things for their benefit, it wouldn’t be long before fights would break out. These fights would soon become mini wars and maybe worse than that. If there is no control mechanism for this kind of society there would be no trust amongst the people and war would be never ending. Hobbes looked further into the issue and came to the conclusion that mankind was being selfish not merely for that reason but for the sake of survival. He believed that man was inherently prone to fight to survive but without a structure to that mindset survival would transform to what I have mentioned before selfishness. Hobbes goes on to speak about mankind’s â€Å"natural right,† he says, â€Å"as long as this natural right of every man to every things endureth, there can be no security to any man† (295). The only way to balance this fact of human nature is to establish an absolute power that can put some control amongst the people. Hobbes proposed something that would meet the requirements to control a society that is naturally looking for their own survival. He goes on to say, â€Å"a common power, to keep them in awe, and to direct their actions toShow MoreRelatedRousseau s State Of Nature1037 Words   |  5 PagesRousseau defines the state of nature as â€Å"The hypothetical, prehistoric place and time where human beings live uncorrupted by society† (Editors). According to Rousseau, in the state of nature people have complete physical freedom and are at liberty to do whatever they want (Editors). The state of nature for Rousseau is where human beings have not discovered rationality or morality (Editors). The state of nature keeps us from turning psychopathic as opposed to society who Rousseau says is to blameRead MoreThomas Hobbes And The State Of Nature1727 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophers the notion of the State of Nature, a concept used to describe the hypothetical conditions of human life before the development of societies, is important in determining political societies, or the governmental structures that composed these. However, many philosophers have different notions of the State of Nature. In this essay I am going to use the writings of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacque Rousseau to explain how their notions of the State of Nature shape the way they envision politicalRead MoreEvolution and the Modern Social Contract Theory : Essay Outline1050 Words   |  5 Pageswill identify the key thinkers in the development of the theory by introducing each of them and discussing their respective political theory of the subject. The main thinkers that we will introduce in his essay are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Immanuel Kant and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Thesis Statement: Essentially, the social contract theory states that the individuals have abandoned their freedom to submit to the authority of the state and therefore the majority. The question of equality is also veryRead MoreThe Social Contract Theories Of Thomas Hobbes And John Locke1210 Words   |  5 PagesMahogany Mills Professor: Dr. Arnold Political Philosophy 4 February 2015 Compare and contrast the social contract theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke In the beginning of time, there was no government to regulate man. This caused a burden on society and these hardships had to be conquered, which is when a social contract was developed. The social contract theory is a model that addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over an individualRead MoreDifference Between Hobbes And Rousseau890 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau differ from each other due to divergent concepts of the state of nature. All three theories are therefore the products of highly differential ideas of how people instinctively behave. Hobbes, the first of these philosophers to theorize about such topics, believed that humans, while being innately equal with each other, are brutish, cruel, and power hungry. Social contracts are then made to protect oneself from the state of nature. Locke, converselyRead MorePolitical Philosophy, By Steven Cahn1197 Words   |  5 PagesIn Steven Cahn s book, Political Philosophy, The Essential Texts, philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau created the circumstances to enable the fundamental principals of philosophy and politics. These knowledgeable, astute and significant men have helped to achieve the structure of our past and present democracy as well as a plan of action for the rights and values that we as citizens can all relate to today. They are grounded in their thinking and tied togetherRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Social Contract1004 Words   |  5 Pagescontracts provide a basis for how a government and its people should interact, Americas social contract is being challenged because social arrangements do not fit every persons needs or goals and the social commitment has resulted in several interpretations and has been represented by many different groups throughout American history. Social Contract can be found dating back to the writings of Plato. Plato wrote a dialog that depicts a conversation between Socrates and his friend Crito which usesRead More On the Virtues of Private Property in Locke and Rousseau Essay2221 Words   |  9 PagesPrivate Property in Locke and Rousseau John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau, following their predecessor Thomas Hobbes, both attempt to explain the development and dissolution of society and government. They begin, as Hobbes did, by defining the â€Å"state of nature†Ã¢â‚¬â€a time before man found rational thought. In the Second Treatise[1] and the Discourse on Inequality[2], Locke and Rousseau, respectively, put forward very interesting and different accounts of the state of nature and the evolutionRead MoreWhat Makes a Political Authority Legitimate?2025 Words   |  9 Pagesthree theories shall be looked at – Hobbes’, Rousseau and finally Locke and determine which gives the most persuasive account of legitimate political authority. To begin with, their hypothetical starting point, the state of nature, shall be discussed to establish the foundations of their political authority. Secondly, the reasons that shall lead man to get out of the state of nature will be examined in order to see if these logically follow on from the state of nature. Finally, the theorist’s versionsRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1789 Words   |  8 Pagesinherent nature of man is truly savage and cannot be contained by any form of civil government. Characters, setting, atmosphere, and other elements are all used by Golding in the novel as metaphors and symbols to ultimately reveal the natural intention of man. In Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan, John Locke’s Concerning Civil Government , and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s The Social Contract, they share their own personal interpretations on man’s inherent nature, with the closest to Golding being Hobbes. Although

Finance and Administration Free Samplesâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: The Administration Department is under the management of the Finance and Administration Manager, Sylvia Chia, who is an accountant and is responsible for purchasing, warehousing, managing debtors and creditors, payroll and personnel services. It is made up of 15 staff. Answer: Introduction Organizational behavior is the way people in an organization interact with each other. The study is applied to improve the business and make it more efficient. The main aim of the report is to analyze the business of PC solutions and recommend the organization for change by identifying the problems that it faces. The author analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the culture of organization and then develops a plan to bring changes in an organization. Leadership plays an essential role for helping the business role. The managers of an organization should have the skills that are required for effective management of organization. The report analyzes the leadership role that Frank should adopt to facilitate the changes (Choo 2013). Organizational behavior is the study of human behavior in an organization that differs from their personal behavior. An individual behaves differently in organization. So it is essential to analyze the group behavior as it greatly influences the working of an organization. Organizational behavior is divided into three levels that include micro level that studies individuals in an organization, meso level that is related to work groups, and macro level that analyze the behavior of an organization. A variety of methods of are used to determine the organizational behavior such as quantitative research, computer simulation and qualitative research. Organizational culture includes the cultural dimensions that an organization posses such as beliefs, rituals, values and symbols. There are various theories developed by various authors that are used in organizations to solve the problems that they face. The theories that are prominently used are systems theory, scientific management theory and bureaucratic theory of management (DuBrin 2013). Review of the organization The main purpose of the management consultant is to give recommendations to OC solutions so that the organization can overcome its problem and be efficient. A PC solution is an IT firm that supplies personal computers to its customers. It was established in the year 2007 by Frank Wallace IT professional. It is a small enterprise that started with just one employee the owner himself. The organization was involved in selling just desktops to the home users. Over the eight years the firm grew employing seventy five employees. The operations in an organization were divided into four categories such as administration, sales, services and software development (Parker 2015). Different department are managed by different personalities. Scott Punter is responsible for management of sales team as well as administration team. The sales team is comprised of twenty five employees while the administration team is comprised of five employees. The customer service department comprises of twenty five employees that is responsible for training, networking and software support, and hardware support. The administrative department is financial department that manages the debts and credits of the organization. It comprises of fifteen staffs. The software department is responsible for managing the software solutions for its clients. The PC solution being a small enterprise faces many challenges and issues. Its main priority is its customers. The company provides the softwares and hardwares on the basis of the customer demand. The priority is to provide good service to its customers. The organization contains departmental heads, team leaders and employees that work for organizations benefit (Fullan 2014). Challenges and recommendations PC solutions face many issues and challenges. The owner of the organization Frank Wallace realized that the organization is not being able to satisfy the customers. The organization was unable to meet the customers software solutions, so the organization collaborated with software solutions to satisfy its customers. Software solutions were merged with PC solutions three years ago. The main issue was that even after merging with software solutions, PC solutions was not able to satisfy its customers. Even the employee satisfaction has been decreasing in an organization. Hence there are various changes that need to be incorporated in an organization in order to expand and grow. First is that the company does not have proper Human resource department. It is essential for organizations to hire proper and efficient leaders that are able to manage the working of an organization effectively. It is essential for the organization to hire the right employees for the right job (Greenberg 2013). Company should first of all set an HR department that would be responsible for hiring and selecting efficient employees for the operations, training the employees for the job and evaluating the performance appraisal. HR department is also responsible for listening to the queries of employees and try solving them. This will help the organization satisfy the employees. If the employees are satisfied then the customers will be satisfied as the employees will work hard. IT professional that re experienced in software development should be hired by the manager in order to satisfy the customer and provide the software that customer requires. The sales person hired should be from the marketing team so that they are able to sell the computers to its client. The manager that manages different teams and department should be expert and have a good leadership skills and qualities (Hogg and Terry 2014). The work in the organization should be divided on the basis of the specialization. This means that the experts or the employees should be given the work in which it is efficient. This will help the employees save time and will also help in better and efficient production. Proper research is essential in order to find the challenges that the organization faces so that proper planning can be done to mitigate the issues. Leadership role plays an essential role. The leaders that manage the team should be experienced and knowledgeable. They should also have good communication skills so that they can coordinate with the other team members efficiently. It is essential for the leaders to motivate and influence employees to work hard. The departments in an organization are divided properly into various business hierarchies (Miner 2015). Maintaining a good customer relationship is essential and the organization should concentrate on providing effective after sale service to its customers. The aim of the organization is to maximize the profit and this can be achieved by decreasing the cost of production. Cost of production can be decreased by indulging in an efficient production of softwares and hardwares (McShane and Von 2015). Organizational culture Organizational culture can be defined as the culture that exists in an organization. This includes the values, beliefs, and attitude that the employers and employees in an organization possess. Organization culture helps in determining the behavior of an individual in an organization. Culture has a great impact on the people of organization as it helps in determining the way people dress, act and perform their jobs. Corporate culture is the business culture where the employers and employee interact with each other to accomplish the goals and targets of the organization (Nahavandi et al. 2013). A good work culture helps in developing the business efficiently as it helps in smooth running of the business. The PC solution is not much affected by the work culture as it employees only a small number of employees. The organization has a hierarchical culture where the work is divided on the basis of different hierarchies and specialization. Each team contains a team leader and set of employ ees tat work for the benefit of the organization (Alvesson and Sveningsson 2015). Strengths of an organizational culture The strengths of an organization can be measured using three measures. The first one is the thickness of the culture where the tick culture contains various assumptions while thin cultures few. The second dimension is extension of sharing. A strong culture is the one where the benefits of the firm are shared with all. The third determinant is the clarity of determinant of cultural strengths. This is determined by the product quality and customer service. There are two factors that affect the strength of the organizational culture. The firs is one is number of employees and the second is geographic dispersion (Robbins and Judge 2012). Since the organization has a small workforce and more localized operation kit contributes in developing strong cultures because of the beliefs and values that is easily developed and shared. Since the organization has an efficient networking and support system that provides efficient services to its customers the culture gets stronger. Different organiza tions have different perspective of viewing the organizational culture. Few believe that the organizational culture is strong if they are successful in maintaining the customer services while for others the quality of the products. Few organizations also believe in satisfying the employees in order to maintain a string organizational culture. It is essential for the firm to maintain consistency. It has a strong culture because each department is divided into different teams so that the organization is able to handle the work efficiently. Building a god leadership skills help in making the organizational culture or the work culture strong. The values of the organization should be shared equally for efficient corporate culture. Strong work culture helps in guiding the employees by making them powerful (Alvesson 2012). Weaknesses of an organizational culture The main weakness of the PC solution is that it is not able to satisfy its customers as well as employees. The culture and the beliefs of the organization are not clearly stated. Weak culture of the organization provides a very little guidance to its employees. The product tat it provides should be of good quality. Proper software should be developed in order to satisfy the customers. Some of the businesses have to face a situation where the circumstances are unavoidable by manager. The organizational culture greatly depends on the qualities and behavior that the manager posses (Wagner and Hollenbeck 2014). A leader should be such that whom the employees are ready to accept. Dominant coalition may impact the organizational culture in a negative way (Pinder 2014). Misalignment of the operation also leads to miscommunication that weakens the culture of the organization. The employees identity is threatened due to the loss of status and work culture. The vision and the mission statement are greatly supported by the culture of the organization. If the culture is weak then the mission of the company cannot be fulfilled. The main drawback is that the organization lacks a proper corporate or the work culture that should exist to ensure that the goals of the firms are fulfilled. Proper training should be given to employees in order to ensure that the work culture is strong. People from diverse workforce should be hired as it helps the firms maintain a good work culture (Nica 2013). Planning and implementation The next major step after identification of the issues and the problems in an organization is planning of the strategies to overcome the difficulties. It also involves implementation of the plans created at a right time and place. The first recommendation was that the organization should set an HR department in order to hire right employees and provide training and development. This can be done by hiring an experienced manager and allocating some amount of money from its budget for the set up (Wiewiora et al. 2013). The manager should concentrate on taking interviews and setting up the HR department hiring a set of professional that are experienced and knowledgeable. Division of workforce and specialization of the task is also essential. This can be done by identifying the field of expertise of employees and allocating the tasks accordingly. This will save the time for the company as the employees will now be able to provide the same product at lesser cost as well as time. Hence it w ill also help the organization solve the problem of cost minimization and profit maximization. The work culture should be strong. A proper leader should be hired who is able to manage the work of an organization efficiently. The company should hire the employees that have god knowledge and experience. IT professional will help the firm solve the problem of software development (Bschgens et al. 2013). The customer service department should be efficient in order to increase customer satisfaction. A proper promotional strategy and marketing can help the organization increase the number of sales. The organization should hire the marketing sales person that is experienced in sales field. Developing a proper promotional strategy such as use of digital marketing, direct sales, internet helps in developing a execute plan and also helps in profitable growth. The company should set a proper vision for delegation. Setting organizations goals and objectives will motivate the employees and influ ence them to work positively. It will help the employees achieve the target as they can know the path that they should follow (Belias and Koustelios 2014). Leadership roles Leaders play an important role in an organization and help them achieve the target and goals of the organization. A leader is the one that influences its team to work better. It is the action of leading people. A leader is the one set a clear vision and goals of an organization. It motivates employees and guides them to build a good work process and morale. There are five basically roles that leaders need to play in an organization (Chen et al. 2015). A leader should be a good communicator and a good thinker. A leader is the one that is a good decision maker and a quick thinker for problem solving. A leader is also a good team builder and an image builder that maintains consistency. Effective leaders can help the firms solve all the problems by making a right and good decision. Since the aim of the organization is to earn maximum profit and produce a good quality product to satisfy the clients, it requires good and effective leaders with proper training and skills. An efficient leade r also helps in providing proper training and development to its employees (Burgess et al. 2015). Conclusion Hence organizational behavior helps in determining the behavior of the human and employees in a workplace. PC solution is a small organization that employees small number of people. Leader plays an essential role in organization. The organization culture needs to be strong for an effective business. It should be strong and positive. Organizational behavior uses many techniques and methods to determine the culture of the organization. There are many issues and challenges that an organization faces and the main aim of the report is to provide recommendations to the owner of the organization to improve its culture. The main problem that an organization faces is customer and employee satisfaction. The organization fails to provide software that the customer demands. Even though the company has merged with software development solutions to solve its problem it still faces the issue of customer and employee dissatisfaction. The role of the leader is to motivate employees and influence them to work hard and achieve the set targets and goals. The theory that can be applied to PC solutions is bureaucratic theory developed by Max Weber. References Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015.Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Alvesson, M., 2012.Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Belias, D. and Koustelios, A., 2014. Organizational culture and job satisfaction: A review.International Review of Management and Marketing,4(2), p.132. Burgess, A., van Diggele, C. and Mellis, C., 2015. Students as facilitators in a teacher training program: motivation for leadership roles.Advances in medical education and practice,6, p.615. Bschgens, T., Bausch, A. and Balkin, D.B., 2013. Organizational culture and innovation: A meta analytic review.Journal of product innovation management,30(4), pp.763-781. Chen, D.Q., Preston, D.S. and Tarafdar, M., 2015. From Innovative IS Strategy to Customer Value: The Roles of Innovative Business Orientation, CIO Leadership and Organizational Climate.ACM SIGMIS Database,46(2), pp.8-29. Choo, C.W., 2013. Information culture and organizational effectiveness.International Journal of Information Management,33(5), pp.775-779. DuBrin, A.J., 2013.Fundamentals of organizational behavior: An applied perspective. Elsevier. Fullan, M., 2014.Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Greenberg, J. ed., 2013.Organizational behavior: The state of the science. Routledge. Hogg, M.A. and Terry, D.J. eds., 2014.Social identity processes in organizational contexts. Psychology Press. McShane, S.L. and Von Glinow, M.A., 2015. Organizational Behavior 7/e. Miner, J.B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Nahavandi, A., Denhardt, R.B., Denhardt, J.V. and Aristigueta, M.P., 2013.Organizational behavior. SAGE Publications. Nica, E., 2013. Organizational culture in the public sector.Economics, Management and Financial Markets,8(2), p.179. Parker, S., 2015. Debate: Public service motivation, citizens and leadership roles.Public Money Management,35(5), pp.330-332. Pinder, C.C., 2014.Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Robbins, S.P. and Judge, T., 2012.Essentials of organizational behavior. Boston: Pearson. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. Wiewiora, A., Trigunarsyah, B., Murphy, G. and Coffey, V., 2013. Organizational culture and willingness to share knowledge: A competing values perspective in Australian context.International Journal of Project Management,31(8), pp.1163-1174.